Type II Diabetes
In type 2 DM (previously called adult-onset or non–-dependent), secretion is inadequate. Often levels are very high, especially early in the disease, but peripheral resistance and increased hepatic production of glucose make levels inadequate to normalize plasma glucose levels. production then falls, further exacerbating hyperglycemia. The disease generally develops in adults and becomes more common with age. Plasma glucose levels reach higher levels after eating in older than in younger adults, especially after high carbohydrate loads, and take longer to return to normal, in part because of increased accumulation of visceral and abdominal fat and decreased [Name redacted].
Type 2 DM is becoming increasingly common among children as childhood obesity has become epidemic: 40 to 50% of new-onset DM in children is now type 2. Over 90% of adults with DM have type 2 disease.
Obesity and weight gain are important determinants of resistance in type 2 DM. They have some genetic determinants but also reflect diet, exercise, and lifestyle.
